Validated screener
Uses the item wording and scoring structure of a recognized screening instrument. A screener identifies symptoms or possible concerns; it does not establish a diagnosis.
Examples: PHQ-9, GAD-7, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale when implemented and labeled correctly.
Research-informed
Uses concepts discussed in psychological research but may not reproduce a specific validated instrument or clinical scoring process.
Examples: Trait-oriented self-assessments about attachment, empathy, narcissism, or dark-triad concepts.
Self-reflection
Organizes personal preferences or experiences into a result designed to prompt reflection, not measure a clinical construct.
Examples: Love-language, introvert–extrovert, and relationship-preference quizzes.
Entertainment
An original or adapted quiz without a validated diagnostic purpose. Results should be treated as playful labels or discussion prompts.
Examples: SBTI, XPTI original profiles, and the modern Rice Purity–style checklist.
Performance task
Measures browser interaction such as response time. Hardware, browser scheduling, display refresh rate, and environment can affect the result.
Examples: Reaction-time tasks.